BASC Search | Building America Solution Center

Windows and Doors are Fully Flashed

Guide describing how to install flashings to help direct water down and out of windows and doors openings in exterior walls.

Building Enclosure: Window Installation

Right – A flexible flashing product is installed around the corners of the window sill before installing the windows.

Publication Date

Mon, 09/30/2019 - 12:00

Caulk top and sides of window

Reference

Building America Best Practices Series - 40% Whole-House Energy Savings in the Cold and Very Cold Climates, Volume 12

Author(s)

Baechler Michael C,

Gilbride Theresa L,

Hefty Marye G,

Cole Pam C,

Love Pat M

Organization(s)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,

PNNL,

Oak Ridge National Laboratory,

ORNL,

U.S. Department of Energy,

DOE

Guide describing measures that builders in the cold and very cold climates can take to build homes that have whole-house energy savings of 40% over the Building America benchmark with no added overall costs for consumers.

Publication Date

Sat, 04/21/2012 - 12:00

Condensation Between Panes of Double Windows

Author(s)

Wilson Alex

Organization(s)

National Research Council Canada,

NRCC

Publication Date

May, 1960

Document about condensation between the panes, on the inside surface of the outer glass of double pane windows.

Right - Corners of window are protected with draining house wrap that laps onto the sides of the window trim, paint-on flashing at window trim corners, and self-adhered flashing to reinforce corners.

Publication Date

Fri, 08/14/2020 - 12:00

Wrong – There is no flashing installed at the top of the window

Publication Date

Tue, 02/01/2011 - 12:00

Window and door openings fully flashed

Publication Date

Tue, 02/01/2011 - 12:00

Wrong - The window lying on the ground was protected by a shutter but the shutter was attached to the window frame, rather than directly to the wall framing.

Publication Date

Wed, 12/01/2010 - 12:00

New Life for Old Double Hung Windows

Author(s)

Davis John Michael

Organization(s)

Fine Homebuilding Magazine

Publication Date

February, 2024

An article about double-hung windows.

Fully Flashed Window and Door Openings (2)

Publication Date

September, 2015

Video describing how to fully flash window and door openings.

Fully Flashed Window and Door Openings (1)

Publication Date

July, 2015

Video describing how to properly flash window and door openings.

Water Management Details Housewraps/Flashings/Windows

Author(s)

Building Science Corporation

Organization(s)

BSC

Publication Date

January, 2007

Document providing guidance on water management concepts and applications for residential buildings.

Wrong – A poorly sealed window and window well allow bulk water to enter the crawlspace from ground that slopes toward the structure

Publication Date

Mon, 09/01/2014 - 12:00

Formable pan flashing and back dam for window

Publication Date

Fri, 05/01/2009 - 12:00

Wrong – There is no flashing installed along the sides of the window

Publication Date

Tue, 02/01/2011 - 12:00

Wrong - House wrap tape is not fully adhered at seam and flashing tape is missing from window head, jamb, and corner above window.

Publication Date

Sat, 03/06/2021 - 12:00

Installing Windows with Foam Sheathing on a Wood-Frame Wall

Author(s)

Building Science Corporation,

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Organization(s)

BSC,

NREL

Publication Date

May, 2005

Report with guidance for installing windows with foam sheathing on wood-frame walls.

Before sealing and insulating the crawlspace, the windows were sealed, the window wells backfilled, and sumps pumps were installed that discharged to the gutter downspouts

Publication Date

Tue, 09/14/2021 - 12:00

Window flashing is overlapped to provide a continuous drainage plane.

Publication Date

Thu, 09/01/2011 - 12:00

Wrong - Tape flashing is missing around window frame.

Publication Date

Wed, 07/07/2021 - 12:00

Right – Windows are installed and flashed in the factory for these modular homes.

Publication Date

Thu, 09/30/2021 - 12:00

Wrong - Pan flashing is poorly adhered on all 4 windows.

Publication Date

Fri, 10/01/2021 - 12:00

Wrong - The window needs pan, head, and jamb flashing.

Publication Date

Fri, 10/01/2021 - 12:00

Wrong - Tape flashing around the window is poorly installed.

Publication Date

Mon, 01/25/2021 - 12:00

Before installing the windows, the window rough openings are sealed with a liquid-applied flashing that provides a seamless moisture and air barrier to protect the wall from water intrusion.

Publication Date

Sun, 01/01/2017 - 12:00

Right – This metal panel window shutter is installed in a track permanently mounted above and below the window frame and is secured with wing nuts to studs mounted on the track.

Publication Date

Wed, 12/01/2010 - 12:00

Wrong – For proper detailing of vinyl around windows and other obstacles, use utility trim, punch snaplocks into siding, and do not overlap directly beneath a window.

Publication Date

Wed, 12/01/2010 - 12:00

Wrong - Water has leaked into the window assembly and has not been able to drain out, possibly due to blocked weep holes; thus, mold and moss are growing in the window assembly.

Publication Date

Thu, 10/10/2019 - 12:00

Tape flashing around windows helps to keep moisture out of the framed walls.

A paint-on flashing is used around the windows and doors for seamless water protection.

Publication Date

Wed, 06/01/2016 - 12:00

The tape window flashing here is integrated with the roller-applied weather-resistant barrier.

Right – This crawlspace window was completely sealed off on the inside and outside with air barrier and water-proof materials and the window well was filled in to an above-grade height to prevent bulk water from entering the crawlspace

Publication Date

Mon, 09/01/2014 - 12:00

Wrong - There is no step flashing along the base of the gable and the right window is missing sill trim.

Publication Date

Sun, 05/30/2021 - 12:00

TechNotes – Window and Door Flashing: Code Requirements and Best Practices for Low-Rise Residential Buildings

Author(s)

Home Innovation Research Labs

Organization(s)

HIRL

Publication Date

September, 2015

This TechNote provides an overview of building code requirements and best practices for flashing at window and door frames.

Wrong - Window is missing pan flashing under sill and tape flashing at jamb end sill.

Publication Date

Wed, 07/07/2021 - 12:00

Plywood or OSB panels are a cost-effective way to protect windows from wind-borne debris.

Publication Date

Wed, 12/01/2010 - 12:00

Right – A rigid rain screen product completely covers the wall behind the cladding and window framing.

The windows in this building are connected to the fully adhered water and air control layer using fluid-applied flashing

Publication Date

Mon, 08/05/2024 - 12:00

Wrong - House wrap was poorly installed, seams were not taped, and flashing tape was not installed around windows.

Publication Date

Sat, 03/06/2021 - 12:00

Wrong - Water has gotten behind the paint, possibly due to lack of window flashing, leading to blistering.

Publication Date

Mon, 06/14/2021 - 12:00

Wrong - The gutter is missing kick-out flashing causing wall and window damage beneath it.

Publication Date

Sat, 03/06/2021 - 12:00

Proper flashing around windows is especially important when the rigid foam serves as the drainage plane in the wall

Publication Date

Mon, 10/01/2007 - 12:00

Right – Foundation drainage mat was installed over the waterproof membrane that covers the sealed crawlspace window

Publication Date

Mon, 09/01/2014 - 12:00

Right – A metal flashing was installed behind the first row of siding above the windows to guide water over the trim.

Publication Date

Mon, 09/30/2019 - 12:00

Wrong - Stucco has rotted and cracked above a window because of water damage due to lack of proper flashing and drainage.

Publication Date

Tue, 11/12/2019 - 12:00

Right – There is flashing installed along the top of the window and the water-resistant barrier is layered over to create a complete drainage system

Publication Date

Tue, 02/01/2011 - 12:00

Windows are installed as “outies” in this wall assembly using a self-adhered membrane water and air control layer with continuous exterior insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

Wrong - Wiring holes are not sealed and possible missing flashing around windows is allowing water into walls and causing paint to peel.

Publication Date

Sun, 05/30/2021 - 12:00

High winds pulled the asphalt shingles and sheathing panels off this coastal home, although storm shutters protected the windows

This drawing shows key sill details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key head details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key jamb details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key head details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key jamb details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key sill details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

A piece of siding is used as sill extension and to provide slope in the opening for the window, which is deeper because exterior rigid foam has been added

Publication Date

Mon, 02/20/2017 - 12:00

The fluid-applied asphalt coating provides a weather-resistant, moisture resistant layer around the house, serving as a continuous drainage plane and flashing for window and door openings.

This drawing shows key head details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key jamb details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key sill details for a window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key head details for a window installation using a self-adhered membrane tape flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key jamb details for a window installation using a self-adhered membrane tape flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key sill details for a window installation using a self-adhered membrane tape flashing on a wall with a mechanically attached water and air control layer

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key head details for an “outie” window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key sill details for an “outie” window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

This drawing shows key jamb details for an “outie” window installation using a fluid-applied flashing on a wall with a fluid-applied water and air control layer and continuous insulation

Publication Date

Mon, 07/15/2024 - 12:00

A liquid-applied water barrier covers the walls, serving as a drainage plane, air and vapor barrier, and secondary window flashing beneath the rigid foam that will be installed next.

Publication Date

Wed, 01/01/2014 - 12:00

Right - Tape flashing keeps moisture out around and below the window; extra tape reinforces the corners to prevent tearing of the house wrap and to keep water out of this critical juncture.

Publication Date

Fri, 12/31/2021 - 12:00

Water-proof materials cover the exterior side of crawlspace windows in a crawlspace retrofit, while foil-faced rigid foams seals and insulates the inside face of the openings

Publication Date

Mon, 09/01/2014 - 12:00

A water-resistant membrane that takes the place of house wrap is sprayed is painted over seams and window framing then sprayed over the entire wall to provide a weather-resistant air barrier.

Publication Date

Wed, 01/01/2014 - 12:00

Right – Foil-faced insulation was added after the crawlspace was dried and sealed by diverting water runoff, sealing off crawlspace windows and vents, and adding sump pumps and exhaust fan ventilation

Publication Date

Mon, 09/01/2014 - 12:00

Vinyl Siding with Integrated Rigid Foam for Existing Walls

Guide describing the design and installation considerations for recladding of above grade walls using insulated vinyl siding.

New Whole-House Solutions Case Study: Imagine Homes: Stillwater Ranch, San Antonio, TX

Author(s)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Organization(s)

PNNL

Publication Date

April, 2012

Case study describing a new home builder that strives to address health, safety, and durability issues in a hot and humid climate.

Kick-Out Diverter Flashing Detail

DWG

PDF

Foundation wall interior polyisocyanurate, foil-faced, exposed

DWG

PDF

Termite shield with exterior rigid foam above and below

DWG

PDF

Foundation wall interior rigid insulation with furring strips

DWG

PDF

Spray foam on a stone or rubble foundation

DWG

PDF

Spray foam on concrete foundation wall with framed interior wall

DWG

PDF

Foundation wall interior rigid insulation with framed wall

DWG

PDF

Air Sealing Doors Adjacent to Unconditioned Space

Guide describing how to air-seal doors that are next to unconditioned spaces.

CAD image for roof pipe penetration water and air sealing details

DWG

PDF

Foundation Wall Exterior board insulation without above-grade wall insulation

DWG

PDF

Polyethylene sheeting covers the aggregate and extends down and under the footing to provide a capillary break between the ground and the slab and monolithic footing

DWG

PDF

DOE ZERH 2013 Case Study: e2 Homes Winter Park, Florida [2-page summary version]

Author(s)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,

U.S. Department of Energy

Organization(s)

PNNL,

DOE

Publication Date

January, 2013

Case study describing the first certified DOE Zero Energy Ready Home—the “Wilson Residence” in Winter Park, Florida.

New Whole-House Solutions Case Study: Insight Homes: Deep Creek, Seaford, Delaware

Author(s)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Organization(s)

PNNL

Publication Date

April, 2012

Case study describing a home builder that has refined its home designs to achieve HERS scores of 49 to 56 on 40 to 70 homes per year.

Existing Whole-House Solutions Case Study: Evaluation of a Multifamily Retrofit in Climate Zone 5, Boulder, Colorado

Author(s)

Steven Winter Associates

Organization(s)

CARB,

SWA

Publication Date

November, 2013

Case study describing a multifamily retrofit project in a cold climate.

Technology Solutions Case Study: Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Manufactured Home Builders

Author(s)

Florida Solar Energy Center

Organization(s)

BA-PIRC,

FSEC

Publication Date

November, 2013

Case study describing a package of energy- efficiency measures for new manufactured homes in the Pacific Northwest, including triple-pane highly efficient windows.

Peeling paint indicates water infiltration around a skylight

Water stains on the framing indicate water infiltration at the skylight

Wrong - House wrap and flashing tape are poorly installed allowing water to get into the gaps behind flashing tape.

Publication Date

Wed, 07/07/2021 - 12:00

Concrete slab pan flashing for doors

Publication Date

Fri, 05/01/2009 - 12:00

Sheet metal pan flashing for doors

Publication Date

Fri, 05/01/2009 - 12:00

Water Management of Existing Crawlspace Floor

Guide providing information about treating bulk water drainage issues and moisture control measures in existing basements and crawl spaces.

Proper shingling of drainage plane materials

Publication Date

Thu, 11/01/2007 - 12:00

DOE ZERH HIA 2013 Case Study: e2 Homes, Winter Park, Florida

Author(s)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,

U.S. Department of Energy

Organization(s)

PNNL,

DOE

Publication Date

January, 2013

Case study describing a DOE Zero Energy Ready Home 2013 Housing Innovation Award Winner in Winter Park FL that scored HERS 57 without PV or HERS -7 with PV.