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Extreme weather, such as wind, fire, flood, or extreme heat (included in the Severe Weather category above) causes most large electric disturbance events in the U.S (defined as affecting at least 50,000 customers) (data from 2000-2016)
Failure at a gable end of a home under hurricane force wind conditions due to improper continuous load path design.
Failure in brick veneer connection under high wind conditions due to anchor corrosion, tie fastener pull-out, failure to embed ties into the mortar, poor bonding between ties and mortar, and poor-quality mortar; on left - five ties not embedded.
Failure of the wall to roof connection resulted in loss of roof under hurricane force winds.
Flood Insurance Premiums Can be Reduced Significantly by Building above the BFE.
For homes built in V Zones a registered professional engineer or architect must certify that the lowest floor elevation is above the BFE and piles and structure are anchored to resist flotation, collapse, or lateral movement due to combined wind and water
Gable-end bracing detail; nailing schedule, strap specification, brace spacing, and overhang limits should be adapted for the applicable basic wind speed.
Glass blocks allow in daylight while maintaining privacy and also provide protection against high winds and floods.
Hurricanes and resulting floods are among the most costly natural disasters impacting metropolitan areas (Source: U.S. Coast Guard)
If both the shingles and the underlayment blow off the roof is more susceptible to water intrusion; sealed seams or a self-adhering underlayment provide greater protection.
In Coastal A Zones and V Zones best practice is to construct the home so the bottom support of the lowest floor is above the 100-year wave crest elevation.
In coastal flood zones, in-ground pools should located as far landward on the lot as possible and be oriented perpendicular to the shoreline with rounded corners.
In high wind areas, provide lateral support to masonry end walls to resist high winds.
In high-wind regions, special hardware is used for most framing connections; toe-nailing is not acceptable.
In tropical climates such as Puerto Rico, some houses have metal jalousie louvers instead of glass windows; metal jalousies look like shutters, but typically offer little debris resistance.
Inadequate connections between the foundation columns and footings or grade beams can lead to column connection failures during flooding.
Installation of an erosion control blanket to minimize soil loss on sloped ground that has no established vegetation
Knee braces do not stiffen a pile foundation as much as diagonal bracing, but they present less obstruction to waves and debris, are less prone to compression buckling, and may be designed for both tension and compression loads.
Metal connectors help resist wind uplift at the wall to roof framing connection.
Moisture-resistant plastic and fiber cement exterior trim and cladding are indistinguishable from wood building elements.
New Charleston, SC home's first level used as parking, storage, and access space
Newer home damaged from internal pressurization and inadequate connections, Hurricane Katrina.
On ocean-front lots set the home as far back on the lot as possible, preferably with a protective dune between structures and shoreline.
Plan view of site and building location and identification of coastal flood hazard zones.
Plywood or OSB shear wall panels help the wind to resist the compression, tension, and shear forces of high winds and earthquakes
Probability that a flood will exceed the n-year flood level over a given period of time.
Profile of an open/shallow pier foundation for riverine areas where an open foundation style is desirable and for buildings in Coastal A Zone where scour and erosion is limited.
Properly reinforce masonry walls in coastal locations to resist high winds and waves.
Recommended construction for homes in Zone B (areas of moderate flood hazard between the 100-yr and 500-yr flood) and Zones C and X (areas of minimal flood hazard above the 500-yr flood).
Recommended flood resistant wall construction for concrete block walls with stucco or brick veneer.
Recommended installation techniques for electrical and plumbing lines and other utility components in homes built on piers above the base flood elevation.
Redundant moisture barriers including siding, house wrap, and coated sheathing can help protect walls from excess moisture, while vapor retarders prevent vapor from entering the wall from the house, for example from a bathroom or kitchen.
Repair leaks and cracks, and cover holes in foundation floors and walls to minimize water and vapor entry.
Residential glazing in wind-borne debris regions is required to resist test missile C or D; however, field investigations have shown that roof tile can penetrate shutters that comply with test missile D like this one, so test missile E compliant...