Showing results 1 - 100 of 253
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A 1- and ½-story home with a room located in the attic and the thermal boundary located at either a) the walls and ceiling of the attic room with small vented attic spaces or b) the roof line for an unvented attic
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A cool roof utilizes materials with high solar reflectance and thermal emittance to reflect solar energy and reduce heat gain to the home
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A dormer with an openable window (not shown) can provide access to the roof if flood waters rise too high and too quickly; the dormer should be properly insulated, flashed, and air sealed
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A low-sloped shed roof with the thermal boundary located at either a) the flat ceiling with a vented attic or b) the roof line for an unvented attic
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A masonry chimney is reconstructed to withstand seismic forces by adding an insert to the existing firebox
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A masonry chimney is reconstructed to withstand seismic forces by completely retrofitting the firebox and chimney using light-frame construction on the top of the foundation
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A masonry chimney is reconstructed to withstand seismic forces by maintaining the current firebox but replacing the chimney section with a metal flue and light-weight chimney enclosure.
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A masonry chimney is shortened and capped at roof level to reduce its chances of detaching in high winds or earthquakes; the fireplace can no longer be used.
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A thermosiphon solar hot water system heats a fluid in the solar collector; the heated fluid heats potable water in a roof top tank.
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A typical Las Vegas hot-dry climate home made of wood frame construction and insulated with R-25 expanded polystyrene externally over a drainage plane, with an unvented wood frame insulated attic and roof assembly.
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Add metal connectors to strengthen framing connections in an existing wall from inside the home by removing drywall.
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All holes through the top plates should be sealed with canned spray foam to prevent conditioned air from leaking into the attic.
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Apply self-adhesive flashing over top edge of the wall flashing, diverter, and housewrap
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Attic ventilation can reduce the likelihood of ice dam formation by cooling the roof deck.
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Buildings damaged by a hurricane storm surge: upper homes on gulf shoreline were hit by large waves above the lowest floor, lower left home on bay and right school 1.3 miles from gulf shoreline were hit by surge and small waves.
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Calculate projection factor (PF) by dividing overhang (A) by length of window (B).
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Commercially available “roof hatch” products provide an openable access to the roof for maintenance and emergency egress that meets code dimensional requirements
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Composition shingle roofing system showing sheathing and hot-mopped underlayment
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Continuous L-metal flashing integrated with underlayment at roof-wall intersections
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Cross section showing points of reinforcement and attachment to secure the chimney to the roof and ceiling joists.
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Detail of an unvented cathedralized attic showing air-impermeable spray foam insulation plus batt insulation installed on the underside of the roof deck.
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Drifting of snow led to heavy accumulation between the gables which required snow removal to reduce risk of roof collapse
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During high wind events, high localized areas of negative pressure (“suction”) occur above roof membranes
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During high wind events, vortices form along the edges of the roof creating areas of localized negative pressure (“suction”) above the roof
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End wall failure under hurricane force winds due to inadequate bracing of the gable end wall.
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Example A of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example B of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example of a truss bracing requirement tag that some truss manufactures place strategically onto the truss to remind installers
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Example truss bracing for resisting wind loads as determined by design software used by truss manufactures
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Examples of many common ceiling penetrations that will be difficult to insulate and air seal in this cathedral ceiling.
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Existing wall-to-lower roof transition retrofitted with a new strip of fully adhered air control transition membrane, new step flashing, new roof underlayment, and new cladding
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Existing wall-to-lower roof transition with a new strip of fully adhered air control transition membrane, new step flashing, new roof underlayment, and new cladding – view from eave
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Existing wall-to-lower roof with attic transition with a new strip of fully adhered air control transition membrane, new step flashing, new roof underlayment, and new cladding – view from eave
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Failure of "S" tile roofing in high winds due to bond failure between mortar and tiles.
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Failure of barrel tile roofing due to bond failure between underlayment, mortar, and tiles during a hurricane.
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Failure of extruded concrete flat tile roofing due to bond failure between tile, mortar, and underlayment resulting from hurricane force winds.
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Failure of Roof Structure from Pressurization Due to Window Failure During a Hurricane.
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Flat roof with cavity spray foam plus loose-fill insulation and gypsum board thermal barrier.
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Gable end vents allow in wind-driven rain because pressures that develop between the outside surface of the wall and the inside of the attic are sufficient to drive water uphill several inches.
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Heat loss through the roof of a home in a cold climate zone leads to snow melting to form ice dams.
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High winds pulled the asphalt shingles and sheathing panels off this coastal home, although storm shutters protected the windows
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Ice dams form when warmth from the attic causes roof snow to melt and flow to roof eaves where it refreezes at the colder overhang and forms a buildup of ice causing more snowmelt to puddle where it can wick back through shingles and leak into the attic
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Ice dams formed by melting of snow on roofs can affect roofs, walls, ceilings, siding, and insulation.
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If a cool room is directly under an attic or roof, having lighter colored roofing (home on left) will reduce heat gain to the space as compared to darker roofing (home on right) because the temperature of the roof will be lower (see thermal image)
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If snow level is estimated to exceed roof load limits, snow removal may be needed; hire professionals
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Improper flashing can allow rain water into walls, causing significant damage
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In high wind zones, if roof tiles are fastened with screws or nails, consider using clips on tiles at the corners, ridges, hips, and perimeters.
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In high-flood-risk areas, install a roof hatch or openable skylight, min. 20x24 inches or 821 in.2 to serve as a means to access the roof for refuge
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Install birdstop at the eave in tile roofs to minimize the accumulation of debris, a fire hazard, at the roof edge.
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Install shingle starter strip then kick-out diverter; attach to roof deck but not sidewall
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Install the house wrap. Cut house wrap to fit over diverter and tape top of cut wrap
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Integrate pre-formed vent pipe flashing, shingle-fashion, with roofing underlayment and shingles
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Kickout diverter flashing keeps bulk water from the roof from overflowing the gutter and continuously wetting the siding material.
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Lack of insulation over the top plate can lead to ice dam formation on a low sloped roof.
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Loss of the fascia cover in high winds exposes the vinyl soffit to entry by wind-driven rain.
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Low-slope roof assemblies constructed of two deck sheathing layers sandwiching rigid foam, and topped with mechanically fastened membrane
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Metal birdstop is installed at the eaves of a tile roof to keep out birds, bats, rodents, and flying insects
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Nailing and ridge ventilation for roof sheathing used as a structural diaphragm in high-wind and seismic hazard areas.
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Place first shingle and next section of sidewall flashing over upper edge of diverter
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Poor installation can result in the loss of tile roofing in high wind regions, regardless of whether the tiles are attached with mortar, screws, nails, or foam adhesive.
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Provide flashing and sealing integrated with the air and water control layers for vents and other roof penetrations
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Provide structural supports that soffit panels can be nailed to at no less than 12 inches apart.