Showing results 1 - 71 of 71
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Example of the advanced framing technique, double-stud wall cavity, which will later be filled with blown insulation
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A continuous load path uses structural connections to transfer horizontal and vertical loads from the roof to the foundation to help keep the building intact in high-wind and seismic events
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A raised wood pier foundation can raise the subfloor above the design flood elevation.
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A water heater is anchored to 2 x 4 wood blocking that is attached to the wall studs.
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Add metal connectors to strengthen framing connections in an existing wall from inside the home by removing drywall.
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An indoor water heater should be secured to the wall’s studs to prevent it from moving or tipping over in the event of an earthquake
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Brick veneer framed wall supported by a concrete slab-on-grade foundation with a turn-down footing insulated on its top surface, showing anchorage of the wall to the foundation for seismic resistance
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Composition shingle roofing system showing sheathing and hot-mopped underlayment
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Connecting hardware helps tie the roof to the walls to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Connecting hardware helps tie the walls to the top plates and rim joists to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Critical connections for providing a continuous load path in buildings and storm shelters
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End wall failure under hurricane force winds due to inadequate bracing of the gable end wall.
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Example A of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example B of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example of a truss bracing requirement tag that some truss manufactures place strategically onto the truss to remind installers
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Example truss bracing for resisting wind loads as determined by design software used by truss manufactures
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Improper continuous load path design lacking bracing results in the failure of gable end walls under high wind conditions.
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In areas prone to high winds and hurricanes, double vertical “jack trim” and horizontal “header” and “sill” studs are recommended on all sides of window and door openings.
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In high-wind regions, special hardware is used for most framing connections; toe-nailing is not acceptable.
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Key connection points for a continuous load path for earthquake and high wind disaster resistance
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Many hardware stores sell appliance bracing kits to secure the water heater to wall framing with metal straps
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Permanent options for keeping sun off windows to minimize solar heat gain include permanent overhangs and awnings, frames, and louvers.
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Reduce thermal bridging in hot climate zones by using an intersecting exterior wall framing technique as shown here.
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Right - A continuous load path connects the roof and wall framing to the foundation.
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Right - Engineered portal frames are used for wall bracing to resist wind and earthquake loads.
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Right - The wall framing is connected to roof framing with metal ties for hurricane-resistant construction.
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Right - This concrete roof is properly attached and reinforced to withstand hurricane winds.
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Right - This roof has a low gable and is secured to the wall framing to resist wind uplift.
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Right – Examples of wall stud to sill plate and foundation and wall rod connectors and brackets.
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Right – Examples of wall stud to top plate and stud to rim joist framing connectors and brackets.
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Right- This house uses CMU construction for flood and termite resistance as well as thermal mass
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Roof dormer is braced with steel connectors and strapping to increase its resistance to uplift
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The components of a framed wall include from inside to out: gypsum, wood studs, OSB or plywood sheathing, and siding.
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The components of a roof include the rafter framing or trusses, purlins, plywood roof decking, underlayment, and the roof covering.
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This hot climate zone home uses high quality batt insulation between studs to insulate this connecting garage wall.
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This hot climate zone home uses high quality batt insulation to insulate truss-joist headers.
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This wood-framed wall is connected with framing anchors, metal strapping and ties, and anchor bolts to secure the roof to the walls and walls to the foundation
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Typical hurricane strap to roof framing detail. Rafter or prefabricated roof truss.
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Use a truss joist header assembly as shown here to reduce thermal bridging in hot climate zones.
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Wind path and uplift force for a gabled roof, a hip roof, and a pyramidal (another variant of a hip) roof design
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Wrong - Framing a dormer using only toe nailing and end nailing is not acceptable in areas subjected to high winds, hurricanes, or earthquakes.
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Wrong - This roof failed in high winds due to lack of metal attachments to the framing.
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Wrong – The gable end wall failed because the rigid foam sheathing was not backed up by plywood or OSB.
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Wrong – The roof sheathing was inadequately fastened and gave way causing the gable end wall to fail
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Wrong – This gable end wall failed because connectors were missing at points of support (blue circles) and the outlookers were not connected to the end truss (yellow circle)
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Wrong – This house under construction is lacking wall to truss bracing and the bottom chord of the scissor trusses is several feet above the top of the end wall top plate