Showing results 1 - 72 of 72
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A drywell, shown here used for downspout catchment, can also be used to receive water from a French drain.
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A raised wood pier foundation can raise the subfloor above the design flood elevation.
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Building siding extended down and over the breakaway wall so the upper wall was damaged when the lower wall broke away.
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Buildings damaged by a hurricane storm surge: upper homes on gulf shoreline were hit by large waves above the lowest floor, lower left home on bay and right school 1.3 miles from gulf shoreline were hit by surge and small waves.
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Built-up beam connections, knee brace connections, and diagonal brace connections for wood piles.
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Comparison of a building that sits below the Design Flood Elevation and renovated to be above the DFE and to add a second story.
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Comparison of a building that sits below the Design Flood Elevation and renovated to be above the DFE.
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Comparison of a building that sits below the Design Flood Elevation and renovated to be above the DFE.
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Comprehensive water management features include a capillary break (≥ 6-mil polyethylene sheeting) at all crawlspace floors
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Concrete pier foundations can be used in place of wood piles in coastal areas where risk of erosion and scour is low.
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Connecting hardware helps tie the roof to the walls to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Connecting hardware helps tie the walls to the top plates and rim joists to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Correct seismic retrofit hardware for securing the sill plate to foundation wall
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For homes built in V Zones a registered professional engineer or architect must certify that the lowest floor elevation is above the BFE and piles and structure are anchored to resist flotation, collapse, or lateral movement due to combined wind and water
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Good water management practices like sloping grade away from house, and installing gutters, perimeter drain pipe, a capillary break, and free-draining soils or drainage mat protect the foundation from water saturation.
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Hurricane straps, hold-down connectors, and bolts help to transfer loads from the building’s walls to its foundation, increasing resistance to vertical and horizontal pressures acting on the building from wind, waves, or ground movement.
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In Coastal A Zones and V Zones best practice is to construct the home so the bottom support of the lowest floor is above the 100-year wave crest elevation.
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In high wind areas, provide lateral support to masonry end walls to resist high winds.
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In high-wind regions, special hardware is used for most framing connections; toe-nailing is not acceptable.
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Key connection points for a continuous load path for earthquake and high wind disaster resistance
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Lower-story wall anchorage to masonry (or concrete) base. Straps properly nailed at wall studs.
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New Charleston, SC home's first level used as parking, storage, and access space
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Properly reinforce masonry walls in coastal locations to resist high winds and waves.
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Recommended construction for homes in Zone B (areas of moderate flood hazard between the 100-yr and 500-yr flood) and Zones C and X (areas of minimal flood hazard above the 500-yr flood).
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Recommended installation techniques for electrical and plumbing lines and other utility components in homes built on piers above the base flood elevation.
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Repair leaks and cracks, and cover holes in foundation floors and walls to minimize water and vapor entry.
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Right - A continuous load path connects the roof and wall framing to the foundation.
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Right - Flood resistant slab and crawlspace foundations elevate the floor above the design flood elevation.
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Right – Examples of wall stud to sill plate and foundation and wall rod connectors and brackets.
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Right – Notch cut into pile takes less than 50% of cross section, cut is treated with wood preservative, and beam is installed with corrosion-resistant bolts.
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Right – The drain slopes away from the foundation and terminates at the proper distance
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Right-Flood resistant foundation walls lift the floor framing above the DFE and include flood openings to let flood waters pass through.
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Shear Strength Comparison Between a Foundation Stud Anchor (on left) and a Shear Transfer Angle (on right)
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The components of a framed wall include from inside to out: gypsum, wood studs, OSB or plywood sheathing, and siding.
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The rails on these stairs were enclosed with siding, presenting a greater obstacle to the flow of flood water and contributing to the flood damage shown here.
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The sheathing has rotted because there was not a sufficient drainage gap behind the stucco cladding
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This breakaway wall design made of decay resistant lumber is compliant with the National Flood Insurance Program.
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This concrete block foundation cracked due to lack of steel rebar reinforcement.
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This home constructed in a V Zone in Bolivar Peninsula, Texas, had the bottom beam of the lowest floor at the BFE (dashed line) but the estimated wave crest during Hurricane Ike was 3 to 4 feet higher (solid line).
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This home was elevated above the Design Flood Elevation and the pre-existing first story became the second story.
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Wrong - In floodplains, the interior grade elevation should be equal to or higher than the exterior grade as shown on right.
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Wrong - The pile foundation of this home nearly collapsed from coastal storm surges because the piles were not embedded deeply enough in the ground.
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Wrong – Drain pipe has been cut and foundation penetration has not been properly sealed
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Wrong – Piers set on individual footings with inadequate anchoring to the ground were twisted and toppled by a coastal storm surge, while those anchored in the concrete pad stayed upright.
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Wrong – The ridge flashing fasteners were placed too far apart and came loose in high winds.
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Wrong – This house was built on a shallow foundation instead of piers; the foundation was undermined by erosion from Hurricane Irma (Vilano Beach, FL)
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Wrong-The home was pulled off its masonry pier foundation during a coastal flood due to inadequate pier-to-beam connections.
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Wrong-These masonry pier foundations were twisted and displaced by coastal storm surges in Long Beach, Mississippi.