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The tape is covered with mastic to ensure an airtight seal between the duct and the fitting
The ultra-efficient air-to-water heat pump draws heat from the outside air to heat inside room air in winter and domestic hot water year-round.
The ultra-efficient ground source heat pump (COP 4.4) delivers conditioned air throughout the home via ducts; an ERV provides fresh air to the system.
The very high efficiency (4.7 COP) ground-source heat pump provides hot water to a tank for radiant floor heat and domestic hot water.
These ERV/HRV configurations are NOT recommended because outdoor air can be sucked back into the ERV/HRV before being distributed to the living space
These plots compare sizing approaches in terms of the approximate annual heating load a heat pump might carry throughout the year for a hypothetical home in Minneapolis, MN.
This “high static ducted cassette” heat pump system is similar to a traditional centrally ducted system, serving several areas of a home from one indoor unit
This ducted mini-split heat pump was installed in the unvented, conditioned attic and ducted with short duct runs to several nearby rooms.
This ductless wall-hung indoor unit has supplemental air filters (outlined in red), which only filter a portion of the airflow; most of the air bypasses the supplementary filters and only passes through the standard mesh filters.
This home’s domestic hot water is provided by three systems: solar water heating panels, a heat pump water heater, and an air-to-water heat pump, which also provides hot water to a fan coil.
This home’s ultra-efficient ground-source heat pump provides hot water for space heating as well as domestic hot water for the 50-gallon storage tank.
This HRV, installed in a conditioned attic, provides balanced ventilation to the whole home
This is the compact outside unit for an ultra-efficient air-to-water heat pump (COP 4.1) that provides space heating and domestic hot water.
This multi-split heat pump system incorporates several indoor units connected to just one outdoor unit; the indoor units include a wall-mounted unit, floor-mounted, ceiling cassette, and mini-air handler.
This plot shows a heat pump’s minimum and maximum cooling capacities overlaid with a home’s cooling load line, allowing a designer to assess how well-suited the equipment is for the specific home.
This plot shows a heat pump’s minimum and maximum heating capacities overlaid with a home’s heating load line as well as the annual heating load hours for the home, allowing a designer to assess how well-suited the equipment is for the specific home.
This plot shows a heat pump’s minimum and maximum heating capacities overlaid with a home’s heating load line, allowing a designer to assess how well-suited the equipment is for the specific home.
This plot shows a heat pump’s minimum and maximum heating capacities overlaid with a home’s heating load line, allowing a designer to assess how well-suited the equipment is for the specific home.
This single-zone mini-split ductless heat pump has only one indoor wall-mounted unit and one outdoor unit.
This traditional centrally ducted heat pump heats and cools the entire home through a network of ducts.
This upflow air handler for a traditional heat pump has an electric resistance auxiliary heating element located at the top of the unit (circled in red).
This utility room houses a high-efficiency gas boiler to provide hot water for the radiant floor heating system and faucets. It also has a central air source heat pump and an energy recovery ventilator.
This wall-hung ductless indoor mini-split heat pump contains a fan, filter, and heating/cooling coil just like a traditional central air handler for a ducted heat pump system
Three-zone ductless mini-split system consisting of two wall-mounted and one ceiling-mounted indoor ductless units and one outdoor unit
Three-zone mini-split system consisting of one wall-mounted ductless unit, one ceiling-mounted ductless unit, and one ducted indoor unit, all connected to one outdoor unit
To attach the flex duct to a main trunk duct or any other connection, the flex duct is pulled over the connecting collar at least 2 inches past the raised bead, then the insulation is pulled back
Two pieces of flex duct are spliced together with a metal sleeve, nylon draw bands, mastic, metal tape, and more mastic
Typical coaxial coil (liquid-to-refrigerant heat exchanger) used in a ground-source heat pump
When HVAC systems are installed in enclosed garages, it is preferable that the equipment is located within an air-sealed room that is connected to the conditioned space.
When wrapping metal ducts with insulation allow two inches of overlap and staple along the seam with outward clinching staples
Wrong - ERV heat exchange coils have not been cleaned and have become completely clogged with dirt.
Wrong – This ductless mini-split heat pump was installed above an exterior door allowing conditioned air to escape when the door is opened, heat transfer through the door, and temperature fluctuations that could impact the unit’s thermostat.
Wrong – Two combustion appliances are sharing a flue which could lead to backdrafting if one appliance is updated to a direct vent appliance and disconnected from shared chimney.
Wrong: Sized per Approach 1 or 2, this heat pump’s modulating zone has a small overlap with the home’s heating load line, resulting in a large amount of short-cycling; the unit will require backup heat when the temperature is below 25°F
Wrong: Sized per Approach 3, there is minimal overlap between this heat pump’s modulating zone and the home’s heating load line, causing excessive short-cycling; it will require backup heat and may not contribute significantly at temperatures below 5°F
Wrong: Sized per Approach 3, there is small overlap between this heat pump’s modulating zone and the home’s heating load line, resulting in excessive short-cycling; it will require backup heat when the temperature is below 5°F
Wrong: The door and filter were removed, allowing unfiltered air to enter the air handler leading to premature failure of the system due to dirt accumulation.
Wrong: This air handling equipment is installed in the garage without isolating the equipment from the garage space
Wrong: This heat pump is oversized even for Approach 4, and its modulating zone has a small overlap with the home’s heating load line, resulting in a large amount of short-cycling.