Showing results 1 - 100 of 354
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Example of the advanced framing technique, double-stud wall cavity, which will later be filled with blown insulation
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A continuous load path uses structural connections to transfer horizontal and vertical loads from the roof to the foundation to help keep the building intact in high-wind and seismic events
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A floor cavity between the first and second floor can provide a conditioned space for HVAC ducts if the rim joists are insulated and air sealed, if sufficient space is available, and if open-web floor joists are used
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A foam gasket is installed along the top plates before installing drywall as an air-sealing step to help achieve a quieter, draft-free home.
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A large bead of caulk is installed on the interior surface of the wall top and bottom plates to provide an air sealing gasket between the framing and the dry wall.
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A layer of rigid foam is sandwiched between two layers of 2x8 lumber in this insulated header over a window.
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A raised wood pier foundation can raise the subfloor above the design flood elevation.
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A water heater is anchored to 2 x 4 wood blocking that is attached to the wall studs.
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Add metal connectors to strengthen framing connections in an existing wall from inside the home by removing drywall.
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Advanced framing details include corners that are constructed with fewer studs or studs aligned so that insulation can be installed in the corner.
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Advanced framing details include framing aligned to allow for insulation at interior-exterior wall intersections.
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Advanced framing details include open headers and reduced framing around windows and two-stud corners to allow more room for insulation in the wall cavities while reducing lumber costs.
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Advanced framing details include using the minimum amount of wall studs permitted by code.
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Advanced framing details throughout house limit use of lumber and makes space for bonus insulation.
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Advanced framing techniques include constructing on a 2-foot grid where wall studs are placed 24 inches on center and aligned with roof and floor trusses for a continuous load path from roof to foundation.
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Advanced framing techniques including 2x6 walls spaced at 24 inches on center and ladder blocking at wall intersections allow more space for insulation in the wall cavities while open-web floor joists provide space between floors for ducting.
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After spraying the 2x6 wall cavities with 2 inches (R-13) of closed-cell spray foam, the walls are covered with netting and an additional 3.5 inches of fiberglass (R-13) is blown in.
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Air seal and insulate double-walls that are half-height or full-height walls used as architectural features in homes.
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Air seal the common wall between units in a multifamily structure to minimize air leakage.
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An indoor water heater should be secured to the wall’s studs to prevent it from moving or tipping over in the event of an earthquake
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Angle support framing is added to brace a long gable overhang constructed using the ladder framing method.
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Attach the interior 2x4 wall to the exterior wall top plate with a flat metal connector plate
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Baffles will keep insulation out of the soffit vents and wind out of the insulation in this vented attic.
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Balloon-framed walls have no top plate to prevent air flow into wall cavity
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Before installing drywall, contractors install two beads of a sprayer-applied elastomeric sealant along framing and top plates to forma a flexible, air-tight seal between the framing and dry wall.
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Bolted metal hurricane strapping ties the roofing to the framing and the framing to the foundation walls for resistance to high winds.
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Braced cripple wall construction in crawlspace anchored to framing and foundation
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Brick veneer framed wall supported by a concrete slab-on-grade foundation with a turn-down footing insulated on its top surface, showing anchorage of the wall to the foundation for seismic resistance
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Closed-cell spray foam insulation is added to the wall cavities of an existing exterior wall
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Composition shingle roofing system showing sheathing and hot-mopped underlayment
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Connecting hardware helps tie the roof to the walls to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Connecting hardware helps tie the walls to the top plates and rim joists to ensure a continuous load path to improve a building’s resistance to high winds, floods, and earthquakes.
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Construct a double wall consisting of two framed walls forming a wide wall cavity for more insulation in the home’s exterior walls.
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Conventional three-stud corner leaves a cavity that must be insulated by the framers—not good.
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Conventional three-stud corners leave a cavity that must be insulated by the framers—not good
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Critical connections for providing a continuous load path in buildings and storm shelters
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Drywall was removed and the existing 2x4 walls were filled with 3.5 inches of dense-packed cellulose. Outside, the ½-inch plywood was topped with house wrap, 1.5 inches closed-cell rigid foam, 1x3 furring strips, and fiber cement siding.
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Each floor of this two-story modular home is constructed in a factory, including the 2x6, 24-inch on-center walls, R-21 fiberglass batt cavity insulation, and rigid exterior foam, housewrap, windows, and trim, then connected on site.
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End wall failure under hurricane force winds due to inadequate bracing of the gable end wall.
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Engineered studs of wood mixed with resin provide very straight, strong studs for the 2x6 walls.
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Example A of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example B of a gable truss and gable end wall bracing for a home in a hurricane region
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Example of a truss bracing requirement tag that some truss manufactures place strategically onto the truss to remind installers
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Example truss bracing for resisting wind loads as determined by design software used by truss manufactures
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Fill in the hole left by the missing top plate with a rigid air blocking material or rolled batt insulation that is spray foamed in place
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Framing is built around the window before exterior rigid foam is installed on the exterior walls around the window.
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Gaps at shared common walls can be a significant source of air leakage in multi-family buildings
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Headers over windows on non-load-bearing walls are open to allow room for insulation.
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How to properly anchor a new home to its foundation with foundation sill plate, stem wall, and footing
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ICF bricks are stacked to form hollow walls that are reinforced with steel rebar before the concrete is poured in
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ICFs provide continuous wall insulation from the roof to the footing with very little thermal bridging
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Improper continuous load path design lacking bracing results in the failure of gable end walls under high wind conditions.
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In areas prone to high winds and hurricanes, double vertical “jack trim” and horizontal “header” and “sill” studs are recommended on all sides of window and door openings.
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In high-wind regions, special hardware is used for most framing connections; toe-nailing is not acceptable.
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Install continuous top plates or blocking at the tops of walls adjacent to conditioned space to minimize air leakage.
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Installing ladder blocking at interior-exterior wall intersections rather than three solid studs in the exterior wall as the supporting surface allows room for insulation in the exterior wall.
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Instead of solid timber headers over windows, insulated headers can be used consisting of prefabricated structural insulated panels or site-fabricated with two sheets of plywood sandwiching a layer of rigid foam.
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Instead of solid timber headers over windows, the headers can be insulated by using a sheet of plywood or one piece of solid timer on the exterior with a layer of insulation to the inside.
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Insulated header made of one piece of plywood aligned with exterior wall, with room for insulation to inside
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Insulated header made of two pieces of plywood that sandwich a layer of rigid foam insulation
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Insulated headers can be hung with metal hangers instead of jack studs to reduce lumber usage
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Insulating sheathing is extended up to the roof rafters and sealed around the framing with spray foam as part of this exterior wall retrofit